A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, HEALTH AND WORKING CONDITIONS CODE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INFORMAL WORKERS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19665411

Authors:

Mr. Rishabh Verma

Keywords:

Occupational safety, informal workers, labour law reform, OSH Code 2020, India

Abstract:

The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 (OSH Code) represents a significant consolidation of India’s labour laws, aiming to simplify compliance and enhance workplace safety across sectors. However, its effectiveness in addressing the needs of informal workers—who constitute a vast majority of the Indian workforce—remains contested. This paper critically evaluates the provisions, scope, and implementation challenges of the OSH Code, particularly in relation to informal labour. Drawing upon existing literature, policy analysis, and empirical insights, the study highlights structural gaps in coverage, enforcement deficits, and socio-economic barriers that limit the Code’s inclusivity. The analysis reveals that despite progressive intentions, the OSH Code inadequately addresses the realities of informal work, including precarious employment, lack of awareness, and weak institutional support. The paper concludes by suggesting policy reforms and future directions to ensure equitable occupational safety and health protection for informal workers in India.

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