FUTURE FRONTIERS OF FORENSIC SCIENCE: TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS AND EMERGING CHALLENGES IN ASIAN LEGAL SYSTEMS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20265187

Authors:

Dr. Sudhir Kumar Dwivedi, Ms. Mimansha, Mr. Prashant Panday, Mr. Amar Anshul, Ms. Radha Gupta

Keywords:

Forensic Technology, Digital Evidence, Genomic Forensics, AI in Law, Predictive Policing, Chain of Custody.

Abstract:

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly transformed forensic investigations across Asian legal systems. Modern forensic science increasingly relies on Artificial Intelligence (AI), genomic technologies, digital forensics, biometric surveillance, and data-driven investigative tools to improve the accuracy and efficiency of criminal investigations. Technologies such as DNA profiling, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), facial recognition, predictive policing, and electronic evidence analysis have strengthened the evidentiary process and enhanced crime detection capabilities. However, the growing dependence on technology also creates serious legal, ethical, and constitutional concerns relating to privacy, data protection, surveillance, algorithmic bias, and admissibility of evidence. The use of AI-driven investigations and biometric monitoring raises questions regarding transparency, accountability, and protection of fundamental rights under modern constitutional frameworks. Additionally, digital evidence remains vulnerable to tampering, manipulation, and cybersecurity threats, thereby requiring strict procedural safeguards and robust forensic infrastructure. This paper examines the impact of emerging technologies on forensic investigations within Asian legal systems and highlights the need for balanced regulatory frameworks, judicial awareness, ethical oversight, and statutory reforms. It argues that while technological innovations can strengthen criminal justice administration, their implementation must remain consistent with the principles of due process, privacy, and fair trial to preserve the integrity of justice in an increasingly digital era.

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